Through its “Moon to Mars” program, NASA plans to send the first crewed missions to Mars by the end of the next decade. To fulfill this bold vision, the agency is investigating advanced technologies through numerous programs. This includes advanced propulsion technologies that will reduce transit times to Mars, thereby limiting astronaut exposure to microgravity and cosmic radiation. Other technologies under consideration include methods for waste elimination, water reclamation, crew health and safety, and resource self-sufficiency.